![]() ![]() ![]() Public domain images downloaded from the VMFA web site should be credited: "Image courtesy of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts." Additional caption information is provided with the downloaded image file. Images that are only presented as thumbnails are protected by copyright and are not available for download. It is your responsibility to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions before copying, transmitting, or making other use of protected items beyond that allowed by "fair use," as such term is understood under the United States Copyright Act. The Museum does not warrant that the use of materials displayed on this site will not infringe on the rights of third parties, such as artists or artists' heirs holding the rights to these works. Use of text and images in which VMFA holds the copyright is permitted, with attribution, under the terms and conditions of a Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC).Ĭopyright and other proprietary rights in material on this site may be held by individuals or entities other than or in addition to VMFA. Through the introduction and removal of oxygen in the kiln and, simultaneously, the increase and decrease in temperature, the slip transformed into a glossy black color.© Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, unless otherwise noted. At this point, the unpainted zones of the vessel became red again while the vitrified slip (the painted areas) retained a glossy black hue. Finally, in the last stage, the vents were reopened and oxidizing conditions returned inside the kiln. Next, by sealing the vents and increasing temperature to around 900-950° centigrade, everything turned black and the areas painted with the slip vitrified (transformed into a glassy substance). At this point, the entire vase turned red in color. First, the temperature was stoked to about 800° centigrade and vents allowed for an oxidizing environment. Not only did the pots have to be stacked in the kiln in a specific manner, but the conditions inside had to be precise. To produce the characteristic red and black colors found on vases, Greek craftsmen used liquid clay as paint (termed “slip”) and perfected a complicated three-stage firing process. ![]()
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